A cartesian diver is a bottle that has some kind of object inside with water. Like a pipette, (what we used in class.) And you can make it float or sink or make it stay in the middle. During class, we learned that if the mass and the volume are the exactly the same amount, then the object would stay in the middle. But if the mass is the smaller number, the the object would float. And if the mass is bigger than the volume, the object would sink. We also learned about density during class and the average density of water should be 1g/cm3. If an object floats in the water, it has a density thats less than 1g/cm3. If an object sinks in the water, the density is more than 1g/cm3.
We also learned about positive buoyancy, negative buoyancy, neutral buoyancy, and ballast. Positively buoyant means when the object is floating up. Meaning the density is more than 1g/cm3 and the mass is less then the volume. But negative buoyancy means the object is sinking and the mass is more than the volume. And the density is more than 1g/cm3. Liked you guessed, neutrally buoyant means the object is in the middle. Meaning the density is exactly 1g/cm3 and the mass is the same as the volume. Also, ballast means any material you use to help it sink. The density of something can change it you change the volume or mass. And the formula of getting density is if you draw a heart in between, the you would see a M or top and a V at the bottom. M stands for mass and V stands for volume. So the equation should be mass divided by volume.
Photo credits: http://www.physics.isu.edu/physdemos/fluids/pics/cartdive_a.jpg
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